Eels
Eels (Congridae, Muraenidae, Ophichthidae) Overview
Eels look like snakes and like to hide in reef crevices and sand. There are hundreds species of eels, but in Hawaii, only moray eels, conger eels and snake eels can be spotted by divers and snorkelers.
Their collective Hawaiian name is puhi, and some of them were revered as a food source. Other species were 'aumakua, physical embodiments of family gods and protectors of the family.
There are about 12 species of conger eels in Hawaii. Most of them live in deeper waters. They have a nocturnal lifestyle and stay hidden during the day. They have small teeth, and small fish are their primary food source.
In Hawaii, there is also one species of Garden Eels (Hawaiian Garden Eel). They are active during the day and can be seen in sandy areas.
Moray eels are common in Hawaii's reefs. They can be seen looking out between rocks, part of their body hidden. It is easy to mistake them for a rock. They often times keep their mouths partially open, displaying their teeth. Most of them feed mainly at night. Their main food source is small fish and crustaceans.
Snake eels, as their name implies, are slim and resemble snakes. They have a pointed tail and along dorsal fin. About 17 snake eel species can be found in Hawaii.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are eels dangerous to humans?
Most eels in Hawaii are not aggressive and only bite if provoked or threatened. Moray eels may display their teeth, but this is usually a breathing behavior, not aggression.
Where can I see eels in Hawaii?
Eels can be found hiding in reef crevices, rocky holes, or sandy bottoms. Moray eels are common in shallow reefs, while conger and snake eels often dwell in deeper or sandier areas.
Are eels active at night?
Yes, most eels are nocturnal. Moray and conger eels tend to hunt for food such as fish and crustaceans at night, while resting hidden during the day.
What is the Hawaiian name for eels?
The Hawaiian word for eel is puhi. In Hawaiian culture, some eels were considered sacred and seen as ‘aumakua - family guardian spirits or ancestral deities.
How many types of eels live in Hawaii?
Hawaiian waters are home to dozens of eel species, including around 12 conger eels, 17 snake eels, and several types of moray and garden eels. Only a few are typically seen by snorkelers or divers.