Damselfishes
Damselfishes (Pomacentridae) Overview
Damselfishes are small (six inches or less) and usually brightly-colored reef fish, usually occurring in abundance. They have a single dorsal fin and a forked tail. In Hawaii, they can easily be spotted swarming over coral heads. Damsels feed on plankton or algae.
There are about 345 species of damselfishes, of which 17 occur in Hawaii. Only the larger species have Hawaiian names, probably because the smaller ones were not considered food sources by the ancient Hawaiians. Common damselfish in Hawaii include the Hawaiian Sergeant (mamo), Blackspot Sergeant (kupipi) and Hawaiian Dascyllus ('alo'ilo'i).
Frequently Asked Questions
How big do damselfishes get?
Most damselfishes are small, typically no more than six inches in length. Despite their size, they are very active and often seen in large numbers around coral reefs.
Are damselfishes colorful?
Yes, many damselfishes are brightly colored with striking patterns. Their vivid colors make them popular among snorkelers and divers in Hawaiian waters.
How many damselfish species are in Hawaii?
There are about 17 species of damselfishes found in Hawaiian waters, including well-known ones like the Hawaiian Sergeant (mamo) and Blackspot Sergeant (kupipi).
What do damselfishes eat?
Damselfishes feed on plankton and algae. Some species even tend to small patches of algae like underwater farmers, defending them from other fish.
Do damselfishes have Hawaiian names?
Yes, larger species were named by ancient Hawaiians, such as mamo (Hawaiian Sergeant), kupipi (Blackspot Sergeant), and 'alo'ilo'i (Hawaiian Dascyllus). Smaller species often went unnamed as they weren't considered food fish.