Bigeyes
Bigeyes (Priacanthidae) Overview
There are about 18 species of bigeyes. Two of them, the Hawaiian Bigeye and the Common Bigeye, live in Hawaii's nearshore waters. Two other species live in deeper waters further offshore. The most obvious characteristic of this family of fish is, as their name implies, their relatively large eyes that are suited to their nocturnal and carnivorous lifestyles. Their body is narrow with fine scales and is typically bright red in color.
During the day, they usually hide in caves and under ledges. They come out during the night to feed on planktonic animals. Their eyes are very reflective. Nightdivers who shine a flashlight into the eyes of a Bigeye will notice the reflected laser-like beam.
The Hawaiian name of this fish species is 'aweoweo, meaning "glowing red." It is rather rare that large schools of Bigeye can be seen near the shore. But this happened in January 1891 at around the time of King Kalakaua's death in San Francisco. An enormous amount of bigeyes were then observed in the waters off Pearl Harbor. Since red was a color of Hawaii's ali'i (royalty), events such as this one were considered to foretell the death of a high chief.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why are these fish called Bigeyes?
They are named for their disproportionately large, reflective eyes, which help them see in low-light conditions, especially during their nocturnal feeding.
Are Bigeyes active at night?
Yes, Bigeyes are nocturnal predators. They hide in crevices and caves during the day and emerge at night to hunt small planktonic animals.
Why do their eyes shine under light?
Their eyes are highly reflective and appear to glow when illuminated by flashlights, especially noticeable during night dives. This trait aids their vision in dark waters.
How common are Bigeyes in Hawaii?
They are not frequently seen in large numbers nearshore. However, sightings are possible around reefs, caves, and ledges at night, particularly of the Hawaiian and Common Bigeye species.
What is the Hawaiian name and its meaning?
The Hawaiian name for Bigeye is 'aweoweo, which means "glowing red." The fish's coloration and cultural significance associate it with Hawaiian royalty.